How does improper voltage supply affect a single-phase motor?

Improper voltage supply can significantly affect a single-phase motor's performance and longevity. When a motor does not receive the correct voltage, it can operate inefficiently. This inefficiency may manifest as reduced torque, decreased speed, or overheating, which can ultimately lead to premature wear or failure of motor components.

The motor may draw excessive current as it struggles to operate under suboptimal conditions, which can result in thermal stress and damage to the windings or insulation materials. Additionally, if the voltage is too low, the motor may not start at all, while an excessively high voltage could cause catastrophic failures. Therefore, ensuring the proper voltage supply is critical for maintaining both the efficiency and the operational integrity of a single-phase motor.