How is the functionality of a capacitor in a single-phase motor typically tested?

The functionality of a capacitor in a single-phase motor is accurately assessed by using a multimeter to measure capacitance. This method allows you to directly evaluate the capacitor's ability to store and release electrical energy, which is essential for the proper operation of the motor. Capacitors must have specific capacitance values to effectively assist in starting and running the motor. If the measured capacitance deviates significantly from the rated value, it indicates a problem with the capacitor, such as degradation or failure.

Observing motor vibrations, checking the physical condition of the capacitor, or examining the motor’s thermal output can provide indirect indications of motor operation issues but do not offer a definitive analysis of the capacitor’s health. These methods might suggest that there are problems but do not provide clear evidence regarding the capacitor's effectiveness in performing its function within the motor circuit. Therefore, measuring capacitance with a multimeter is the most reliable approach to ensure that the capacitor is functioning properly.