What is the function of the rotor in a single-phase motor?

The function of the rotor in a single-phase motor is to convert electrical energy into mechanical energy. This process occurs when the alternating current flows through the stator winding, creating a rotating magnetic field. The rotor, situated within this magnetic field, experiences a force, causing it to rotate. This rotation is what enables the motor to perform mechanical work, such as turning a fan blade or driving a conveyor belt.

Options that suggest the rotor generates electrical energy or controls the speed of the motor do not accurately reflect its primary function. While insulation of wiring is essential in motor design for safety and efficiency, it is not a role played by the rotor itself. Therefore, the correct answer highlights the rotor's pivotal role in facilitating the conversion of electrical energy, thereby enabling the motor's operation in various applications.