Which type of single-phase motor uses a capacitor for starting torque?

The permanent split capacitor motor is a type of single-phase motor that utilizes a capacitor to provide the necessary starting torque. This motor design incorporates a capacitor connected in series with the starting winding, which creates a phase shift in the current. This phase shift produces a rotating magnetic field, allowing the motor to start and run more efficiently.

In addition to facilitating the starting torque, the capacitor improves the overall power factor of the motor while operating, helping in smoother and more efficient operation. This characteristic makes permanent split capacitor motors particularly suitable for applications where consistent performance is required, such as in fans, blowers, and small appliances.

In contrast, shaded pole motors and reluctance motors do not rely on a capacitor for starting torque. Shaded pole motors work using a different principle of operation that involves shaded sections of the stator, creating a weak rotating magnetic field, which results in lower torque. Reluctance motors operate based on varying reluctance paths and do not incorporate the use of capacitors for starting. Inductive motors, depending on their configurations, may not specifically employ capacitors in the same manner as permanent split capacitor motors do.